Autologous arteriovenous access is the key to long-term success with hemodialysis and is strongly supported by the National Kidney Foundation's Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative guidelines.

In the forearm and the upper arm were many similar veins, the most noticeable being the cephalic vein in the ... of the axillary vein, being removed. The brachial vein was divided in the process.

The accesses that were performed included 20 autogenous radial-cephalic direct wrist ... and 1 autogenous brachial artery- brachial vein upper arm access. [1] Nine patients (22%) had a previous ...