Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) technology is a vital part of modern electronics, used in designing and manufacturing integrated circuits (ICs) that power many digital devices. CMOS ...

PMOS transistors are less vulnerable to substrate noise since they’re placed in separate wells; designers implement guard rings to attenuate the substrate noise propagation. However, substrate noise ...

—The development of a process flow capable of demonstrating functionality of a monolithic complementary FET (CFET) transistor architecture is complex due to the need to vertically separate nMOS and ...

A schematic diagram is not a detailed blueprint of an analog circuit; instead, it’s more like architectural sketch of the circuit. Look at any schematic for a CMOS analog IC circuit and you will see ...