Amphibians are small vertebrates that need water ... Some transport water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide either into or out of the animal. Others fight bacteria or fungal infections.

More than 500 million years ago, as myriad new lifeforms were emerging and diversifying in the world’s oceans, a small ... at which these animals branched away from the phylum of chordata, which lack ...

Many fish species can be aged by counting growth layers in small calcium carbonate structures ... that it would be the longest-living vertebrate animal,” Nielsen said. These sharks inhabit ...

The growth and lifespan of Parvancorina minchami, small anchor-shaped animals that lived on the seafloor about 550 million years ago, resemble that of current marine invertebrates like golden ...

The fossil vertebrate collection at the University of Colorado Museum of Natural History (UCM) was initially built by vertebrate paleontologists in the University of Colorado (CU) Department of ...