ABSTRACT This work involves modeling internal and near-nozzle flows of a gasoline direct injection (GDI) nozzle. The Engine Combustion Network (ECN) Spray G condition has been considered for these ...

From this work it has been observed that in presence of needle wobble, at low and medium lifts hole-to-hole differences are observed. Also, some holes exhibits swirling flow which affects the near ...

Mathematical modeling demonstrates that nozzle distribution on drillbits affects the performance of the drilling fluid flow from the bit. This article is about the internal flow of nozzles on a rotary ...