Like snakes, lizards lack external ears but have a single auditory ossicle, the columella, that is coupled to the eardrum. Turtles also lack external ears, relying on their inner ear structures and ...

Consequently, the middle ear could be replaced by a single ossicle, as is done in many middle ear replacement ... 3 and 4 kHz when applying the sound pressure at the entrance of the auditory meatus.

Auditory processing pathways include dorsal and ventral streams, with the dorsal stream, which projects to parietal and premotor cortices, being particularly relevant for auditory-guided actions.

Objective: To explore the views and experiences of individuals with Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) and/or their families in getting support from services and to receive their suggestions for ...

Medically reviewed by Sukaina Hasnie, MD The malleus is a hammer-shaped bone in the middle ear. It is also known as the ...