With the UK and US military facing potential numerical disadvantages in future conflicts, this Research Paper explores how lethality – defined as the rate at which a force inflicts damage relative to ...

Significant numbers of advanced munitions have been expended, revealing that battlefield dominance matters less than the industrial capacity to replenish critical stockpiles. While American and ...

As the conflict deepens, the world must urgently address the risk of biological weapons falling through the cracks. The intensifying military campaign by the US and Israel has rightly focused the ...

Its ammunition spent on Ukraine, Russia can no longer act on the world stage. The Moscow-Tehran axis is collapsing in real time. As US and Israeli strikes continue across the country, Tehran is ...

The death of Navalny in a Russian prison is the latest in a long history of state assassinations using poison. But why is it used and can an effective deterrent be engaged? The European governments’ ...

In light of growing uncertainty over US commitments to European security, Europe must review its conventional and nuclear postures while managing risk. This paper explores the evolving role of nuclear ...

Within 12 months, the US President’s second term in office has had an impact on international relations unlike any in recent memory. Unpredictable. Unorthodox. Unprincipled. Foreign leaders, military ...

From a conflict expected to be over in days, four years of battle followed Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The first thing to note is that the war is not over yet. By early January 2026, ...

Circumstances in Iran do not map easily onto the conditions in Venezuela that abetted Maduro’s kidnapping. The US and Iran were partners until the latter’s 1979 revolution. Since then, their relations ...

Our experts comment on the US attacks on Venezuela and arrest of President Nicolás Maduro. Any consequent instability in Venezuela could have a spill-over effect in the region that would affect ...

2025 offered the most generous potential off-ramp for Vladimir Putin. He rejected it. Russia must demonstrate to its domestic audience and to the West that it retains the initiative and remains a ...

This paper examines Japan's vulnerability to foreign influence and proposes legislative measures, drawing lessons from the UK, the US and Australia. The Policy Research Council of the Liberal ...